The divergence happens in the first and second commandments and then at the end in the ninth and tenth commandments. In all traditions the second through eighth commandments as listed in the Catechism of the Catholic Church basically correspond to one another. It is only with the third commandment that there is correspondence to the Reform list. The second commandment in Jewish faith encompasses both verses 3 and 4 against polytheism and the making of or worship of images of other deities or gods. The first commandment in Jewish life is usually the creedal statement of verse 2 of Exodus 20: “I am the Lord your God.” This affirmation of monotheism and loyalty corresponds to the famous “Shema” of Deuteronomy 6:4. While Jewish versions of the commandments follow Exodus 20 primarily, their enumeration does not exactly follow that of the Reformers. Thus one can see a problem would be created if public squares or public schools were allowed to display the Ten Commandments: Whose version should prevail? Based on this new sixteenth-century re-presentation of the Decalogue, many denominations in America now teach the commandments much as they were seen on the Alabama monument. Even after the Reformation, Lutherans and Catholics agreed on this enumeration and arrangement.Ĭalvin and other Reformers, relying more on Exodus 20 and its presentation of the Decalogue, and wanting to make a strike against the statuary and icons in the Catholic Church, enumerated the commandments in a different way. Thus, until the late Middle Ages, children memorized the commandments in the order as we still know it from the Catechism. He relied heavily on the Decalogue as presented by Moses in Deuteronomy 5. The early Christian church, received this catechetical tradition from the Church Fathers, especially Augustine. You shall not covet your neighbor’s goods.You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife.You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain.I am the Lord your God: You shall not have strange Gods before me.Whereas the Catechism’s traditional presentation of the commandments for memorization are: Remember the Sabbath Day to keep it holy.Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image.
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